NGC 1275
Contents
General information
- Name of the source: NGC 1275
- Brief description of the source:
- - Object type : FR-I Radio Galaxy + Spiral galaxy (in interaction)
- - RA: 3 19 48.16 (hh mm ss), Dec: +41 30 42.1088 (dd mm ss)
NGC 1275 data analysis
Related analysis pages
Analysis_NGC1275_Dec_2022_w_IRF_interpolation_Priyadarshi (Dec 2022, source-independent, IRF interpolation, energy-dependent cuts. Dec 20 flare for ATel https://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=15819 )
Analysis_NGC1275_Dec_2022_source_dep_Nozaki (Dec 20 Flare, source-dependent, IRF interpolation, energy-dependent cuts for ATel https://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=15819 )
Cycle I (including major flare Dec 2022)
Mireia
- Producer: Mireia Nievas Rosillo <mnievas@iac.es>
Data acquisition
old datacheck notebook
(below some key points from Abelardo's old datacheck selection notebook, only showing those relevant for data selection)
- ZD and AZ distributions
- NSB vs moon altitude and vs run number
- Rate of cosmics
- Rate of pulses above a given pulse size
- NSB after all cuts
new data_select notebook
Data selection
(old selection using Abelardo's old datacheck notebook)
- 204 wobble runs for the selected source (out of 246)
- Observation time: 53.56 hours (out of 65.53 hours)
- (most data in Perseus-MA mode, shared with IC310, some runs in NGC1275 pointing mode)
- (moon data is removed)
1 : 2022-12-20 : [11522, 11528, 11529, 11530, 11531, 11532, 11522, 11528, 11529, 11530, 11531, 11532] 2 : 2022-12-21 : [11546, 11547, 11548, 11549, 11550] 3 : 2022-12-22 : [11566, 11568, 11569, 11570, 11571, 11572, 11573, 11574, 11566, 11568, 11569, 11570, 11571, 11572, 11573, 11574] 4 : 2022-12-23 : [11595, 11596, 11597, 11598, 11599, 11600] 5 : 2023-01-13 : [11618, 11619] 6 : 2023-01-14 : [11641, 11642, 11643, 11644, 11641, 11642, 11643, 11644] 7 : 2023-01-15 : [11660, 11661, 11662, 11663, 11660, 11661, 11662, 11663] 8 : 2023-08-15 : [13935, 13936, 13937, 13938, 13939, 13940, 13941, 13942, 13943, 13944] 9 : 2023-08-17 : [13987, 13988, 13989, 13990, 13991, 13992, 13993, 13994, 13995, 13996] 10 : 2023-08-18 : [14020, 14021, 14022, 14023] 11 : 2023-08-20 : [14069, 14070, 14071, 14072, 14073] 12 : 2023-08-21 : [14093, 14094, 14095, 14096, 14097, 14098, 14099, 14100] 13 : 2023-09-11 : [14258] 14 : 2023-09-16 : [14456] 15 : 2023-09-18 : [14495] 16 : 2023-09-19 : [14590] 17 : 2023-09-20 : [14623, 14624, 14625, 14626] 18 : 2023-09-21 : [14668, 14669] 19 : 2023-09-22 : [14700, 14701, 14702, 14703, 14704] 20 : 2023-09-23 : [14712, 14713, 14715, 14718, 14719, 14720, 14721] 21 : 2023-09-24 : [14731, 14732, 14733, 14736, 14737, 14738] 22 : 2023-10-09 : [15010, 15011, 15012, 15013, 15014, 15015, 15016, 15017] 23 : 2023-10-10 : [15039, 15040] 24 : 2023-10-11 : [15070, 15071, 15072, 15073, 15074] 25 : 2023-10-12 : [15117, 15118, 15119, 15120] 26 : 2023-11-08 : [15321, 15322, 15323, 15324, 15325, 15326, 15327] 27 : 2023-11-10 : [15401, 15402, 15403, 15404, 15405, 15406, 15407] 28 : 2023-11-11 : [15436, 15437, 15438] 29 : 2023-11-12 : [15470, 15471, 15472, 15473] 30 : 2023-11-16 : [15627, 15628, 15629, 15630, 15631] 31 : 2023-11-17 : [15660, 15661, 15662, 15663, 15664] 32 : 2023-11-19 : [15739, 15740, 15741] 33 : 2023-12-01 : [15786, 15787, 15788] 34 : 2023-12-08 : [15889, 15890, 15891, 15892, 15893] 35 : 2024-01-29 : [16423, 16424, 16425, 16426] 36 : 2024-01-30 : [16438, 16439, 16440, 16441, 16442] 37 : 2024-02-02 : [16492, 16493, 16494, 16495, 16496, 16497, 16498, 16499, 16500, 16501, 16502, 16503]
(new selection using news data_select notebook, 07.02.2024)
Total number of runs: 142 (in 34 nights) out of 246 Total observation time: 38.47 hours out of 65.53 h
20221220 [11522 11528 11529 11530 11531 11532] 20221221 [11546 11547 11548 11549 11550] 20221222 [11566 11568 11569 11570 11571 11572 11573 11574] 20221223 [11595 11596 11597 11598 11599 11600] 20230113 [11618 11619] 20230114 [11641 11642 11643 11644] 20230115 [11660 11661 11662 11663] 20230817 [13987 13988 13989 13990 13991 13992 13993 13994 13995 13996] 20230911 [14258] 20230916 [14456] 20230918 [14495] 20230919 [14590] 20230920 [14623 14624 14625] 20230921 [14668] 20230922 [14700 14701 14702 14703 14704] 20230923 [14712 14713 14715 14718 14719 14720 14721] 20230924 [14730 14731 14732 14733 14736 14737 14738] 20231006 [14930 14931] 20231007 [14954 14955 14956 14957 14958] 20231010 [15040] 20231012 [15117 15118 15119] 20231108 [15321 15322 15323 15324 15325 15326 15327] 20231110 [15401 15402 15403 15404 15405 15406 15407] 20231111 [15436 15437 15438] 20231112 [15470 15471 15472 15473] 20231113 [15517] 20231116 [15627 15628 15629 15630 15631] 20231117 [15660 15661 15662 15663 15664] 20231119 [15739 15740] 20231201 [15786 15787 15788] 20231208 [15889 15890 15891 15892 15893] 20240129 [16423 16424 16425 16426] 20240130 [16438 16439 16440 16441 16442] 20240202 [16492 16493 16495 16496 16497 16498 16500 16503]
Analysis details
Software and analysis notebook:
- Files (inc. provence): /fefs/aswg/workspace/mireia.nievas/NGC1275
- Pipeline: /fefs/aswg/workspace/mireia.nievas/NGC1275/NGC1275_to_DL3.ipynb
- lstchain: v0.10.5 originally, v0.10.7 now.
- gammapy: 1.1
- ctapipe: 0.19.2
- astropy: 5.3.4
Source:
- Coordinates: RA=49.95066663, DEC=41.5116969 (solved with astropy's SkyCoord / CDS name resolver)
- Closest (chosen) dec track: 48.22 deg.
- Cleaning: default, tail-cuts 8-4.
- Analysis type: source-independent
- IRFs: point-like, energy-dependent gammaness/theta2 cuts
Starting points:
- MC: DL2
- Models
- Data: DL1b (merged files with no images)
Results
Analysis details
- Total significance (per energy bin)
- December flare
- January flare
(note that the highest flux night was with Moon, so not included for now)
- Post-flare
- Per bayesian block bin (from LC analysis, see below)
| BB0 | BB1 |
|---|---|
|
|
| BB2 | BB3 |
|
|
| BB4 | BB5 |
|
|
| BB6 | |
|
TS SkyMap
- Average (all selected runs)
- Dec flare
- Jan flare
- Night of 2023-12-08 to 2023-12-09 (~ 1.72h)
Both NGC1275 and IC310 detectable at the same time (!!). This mini-flare from IC310 will be covered in a dedicated wiki.
Light Curve
SED
- Average
- Flux-Binned SED
(from the 2nd plot, I show also the previous state for comparison)
- December
- January
Bayesian blocks from the flux in the run-wise Light Curve to define flux bins, then computing one SED per block.
- Fermi+LST
MWL Campaign
Jorge
Analysis details
- Software and analysis notebook:
- lstchain: v0.10.5
- Closest (chosen) dec track: 48.22 deg.
- Cleaning: default, tail-cuts 8-4.
- Analysis type: source-independent
- IRFs: point-like, interpolated, energy-dependent 70% efficiency gammaness/theta2 cuts
- Starting points:
MC: /fefs/aswg/data/mc/AllSky/20230901_v0.10.4_allsky_base_prod/TestingDataset/dec_4822/
Models: /fefs/aswg/data/models/AllSky/20230901_v0.10.4_allsky_base_prod/dec_4822/
Data selection
New data quality selection notebook used, default settings + min_drdi_at_422pe = 1.2 instead of the default 1.5
Total selected time: 36.2 h (for the run list and plots with details on the data quality selection, see Mireia's analysis)
NGC 1275
Coordinates: RA=49.95066663, DEC=+41.5116969
Theta2 plots
All data stacked
All data stacked in different energy ranges
Theta2 plots in the bayesian blocks defined by Mireia:
Skymaps
All data stacked Skymap centered at the position of NGC 1275 Skymap between 200 GeV and 700 GeV
Night of 2023-12-08 to 2023-12-09 (~ 1.72h) Both NGC1275 and IC310 detectable at the same time (!!). Skymap centered at the position of NGC 1275, the off-centered source is IC 310. Skymap between 200 GeV and 700 GeV
SEDs
SED configuration:
- E_reco=[31.6227766,31622.7766] GeV
- E_true=[10,50000] GeV
- n_bins_reco=18
- n_bins_true=50
- E_min_fit=31.6227766 GeV
- E_max_fit=31622.7766 GeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- 1 OFF region
SED averaging all data
Log-parabola: -F0=(6.41 土 0.54)・10e-11 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 -alpha=2.91 土 0.09 -beta=0.21 土 0.07 -E0=300 GeV
SED during each bayesian blocks defined by Mireia. There is clear spectral variability over the different bayesian blocks:
BB SED configuration:
- E_reco=[31.6227766,31622.7766] GeV
- E_true=[10,50000] GeV
- n_bins_reco=18
- n_bins_true=50
- E_min_fit=31.6227766 GeV
- E_max_fit=31622.7766 GeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- 1 OFF region
These SEDs are observed, using a log-parabola spectral model.
Lightcurve
NGC 1275 lightcurve above 100 GeV This lightcurve was obtained using as reference the average spectrum over all the studied period, presented above in this wiki
IC 310
Coordinates: RA=49.179078 deg, DEC=+41.32489 deg
The data taken centered at NGC 1275 are not used for the analysis of IC 310 due to some OFF regions being located on top of NGC 1275. Therefore, only those with the Perseus-MA pointing are used.
Theta2 plots
All data stacked
All data stacked in different energy ranges
Most of the signal is concentrated below ~800 GeV. There is a hint of a signal stacking all data, but we do not reach detection. However, we do see a clear detection on the night of 2023/12/08:
The signal extends until ~3-4 TeV. Probably optimizing a bit the energy range of the theta2 plot, the significance is higher, but the detection is clear and solid.
Skymaps
All data stacked Skymap centered at the position of IC 310 Skymap between 200 GeV and 700 GeV No detection or hint of IC 310, but NGC 1275 is visible away from the center, as seen from the previous skymaps centered at that position.
Night of 2023-12-08 to 2023-12-09 (~ 1.72h) Both NGC1275 and IC310 detectable at the same time (!!). Skymap centered at the position of IC 310, the off-centered source is NGC 1275. Skymap between 200 GeV and 700 GeV
SEDs
SED configuration:
- E_reco=[31.6227766,31622.7766] GeV
- E_true=[10,50000] GeV
- n_bins_reco=18
- n_bins_true=50
- E_min_fit=31.6227766 GeV
- E_max_fit=31622.7766 GeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- 1 OFF region
SED averaging all data
Log-parabola: -F0=(2.61 土 0.57)・10e-11 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 -alpha=2.44 土 0.49 -beta=0.44 土 0.31 -E0=300 GeV
SED during each bayesian blocks defined by Mireia. There is clear spectral variability over the different bayesian blocks:
BB SED configuration:
- E_reco=[31.6227766,31622.7766] GeV
- E_true=[10,50000] GeV
- n_bins_reco=18
- n_bins_true=50
- E_min_fit=31.6227766 GeV
- E_max_fit=31622.7766 GeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- 1 OFF region
These SEDs are observed, using a log-parabola spectral model.
Lightcurve
IC310 lightcurve above 100 GeV This lightcurve was obtained using as reference the average spectrum over all the studied period, presented above in this wiki
Tora
- Producer: Tora Therese Høiland Arnesen <tora.arnesen@iac.es>
NGC 1275
Data acquisition
Selection based on Abelardo's data_quality notebook
- File: /fefs/aswg/workspace/tora.arnesen/perseus/NGC1275/NGC1275_data_quality.ipynb
- astropy: 5.3.4
Data selection
Total number of runs: 142 out of 226
Total number of nights: 34 out of 46
Total observation time (hours): 38.47 out of 60.78
20221220 : [11522 11528 11529 11530 11531 11532] 20221221 : [11546 11547 11548 11549 11550] 20221222 : [11566 11568 11569 11570 11571 11572 11573 11574] 20221223 : [11595 11596 11597 11598 11599 11600] 20230113 : [11618 11619] 20230114 : [11641 11642 11643 11644] 20230115 : [11660 11661 11662 11663] 20230817 : [13987 13988 13989 13990 13991 13992 13993 13994 13995 13996] 20230911 : [14258] 20230916 : [14456] 20230918 : [14495] 20230919 : [14590] 20230920 : [14623 14624 14625] 20230921 : [14668] 20230922 : [14700 14701 14702 14703 14704] 20230923 : [14712 14713 14715 14718 14719 14720 14721] 20230924 : [14730 14731 14732 14733 14736 14737 14738] 20231006 : [14930 14931] 20231007 : [14954 14955 14956 14957 14958] 20231010 : [15040] 20231012 : [15117 15118 15119] 20231108 : [15321 15322 15323 15324 15325 15326 15327] 20231110 : [15401 15402 15403 15404 15405 15406 15407] 20231111 : [15436 15437 15438] 20231112 : [15470 15471 15472 15473] 20231113 : [15517] 20231116 : [15627 15628 15629 15630 15631] 20231117 : [15660 15661 15662 15663 15664] 20231119 : [15739 15740] 20231201 : [15786 15787 15788] 20231208 : [15889 15890 15891 15892 15893] 20240129 : [16423 16424 16425 16426] 20240130 : [16438 16439 16440 16441 16442] 20240202 : [16492 16493 16495 16496 16497 16498 16500 16503]
Analysis details
- Directory: /fefs/aswg/workspace/tora.arnesen/perseus/NGC1275
- Pipeline:
- ./launch_dl1_dl2.sh /fefs/aswg/data/models/AllSky/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/dec_4822 /fefs/aswg/data/models/AllSky/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/dec_4822/lstchain_config_2024-01-31.json
- ./launch_irf_creation.sh /fefs/aswg/data/mc/DL2/AllSky/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/TestingDataset/dec_4822 ./irf_dl3_tool_config.json gh_eff_0.7_th_cont_0.7_20240417_TT
- ./launch_dl2_dl3.sh irf_dl3_tool_config.json ./DL2 ./IRF/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/dec_4822/gh_eff_0.7_th_cont_0.7_20240417_TT NGC\ 1275
- lstchain_create_dl3_index_files -d ./DL3 -p dl3\*.fits.gz
- lstchain: v0.10.9
Source:
- Coordinates: RA=49.95066663, DEC=41.5116969 (solved with astropy's SkyCoord / CDS name resolver)
- Closest (chosen) dec track: 48.22 deg.
- Cleaning: default, tail-cuts 8-4.
- Analysis type: source-independent
- IRFs: point-like, energy-dependent gammaness/theta2 cuts (0.7/0.7)
Starting points:
- MC: DL2
- Models
- Data: DL1b (merged files with no images)
Theta2 plots
- Total significance (per energy bin)
- Per bayesian block bin (from LC analysis, see below)
| BB0 | BB1 |
|---|---|
|
|
| BB2 | BB3 |
|
|
| BB4 | BB5 |
|
|
| BB6 | BB7 |
|
|
Lightcurves
SED & LC configuration:
- e_reco_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_reco_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_true_min = 0.01 TeV
- e_true_max = 50 TeV
- e_reco_bin = 18
- e_true_bin = 50
- per_decade = False
- e_fit_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_fit_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_lc_min = 0.09999999999467535 TeV
- e_lc_max = 49.99999999999999 TeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- safe_min_energy = 0.04 TeV
- safe_max_energy = 7 TeV
- 1 OFF region
SEDs
SED & LC configuration:
- e_reco_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_reco_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_true_min = 0.01 TeV
- e_true_max = 50 TeV
- e_reco_bin = 18
- e_true_bin = 50
- per_decade = False
- e_fit_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_fit_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_lc_min = 0.09999999999467535 TeV
- e_lc_max = 49.99999999999999 TeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- safe_min_energy = 0.04 TeV
- safe_max_energy = 7 TeV
- 1 OFF region
Log-parabola spectral model (no EBL correction):
-F0 = (5.9 土 0.5)・10e-11 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 -alpha = 2.7 土 0.1 -beta = 0.3 土 0.1 -E0 = 0.3 TeV
Skymaps
All data stacked Skymaps centered at the position of NGC 1275 Skymaps between 0.2 TeV and 7 TeV
IC 310
Data acquisition
Selection based on Abelardo's data_quality notebook
- File: /fefs/aswg/workspace/tora.arnesen/perseus/IC310/IC310_data_quality.ipynb
- astropy: 5.3.4
Data selection
Total number of runs: 122 out of 203
Total number of nights: 34 out of 45
Total observation time (hours): 34.40 out of 56.47
20221220 : [11529 11530] 20221221 : [11548 11549] 20221222 : [11568 11569 11573 11574] 20221223 : [11598 11599] 20230113 : [11619] 20230114 : [11641 11644] 20230115 : [11660 11663] 20230817 : [13987 13988 13989 13990 13991 13992 13993 13994 13995 13996] 20230911 : [14258] 20230916 : [14456] 20230918 : [14495] 20230919 : [14590] 20230920 : [14623 14624 14625] 20230921 : [14668] 20230922 : [14700 14701 14702 14703 14704] 20230923 : [14712 14713 14715 14718 14719 14720 14721] 20230924 : [14730 14731 14732 14733 14736 14737 14738] 20231006 : [14930 14931] 20231007 : [14954 14955 14956 14957 14958] 20231010 : [15040] 20231012 : [15117 15118 15119] 20231108 : [15321 15322 15323 15324 15325 15326 15327] 20231110 : [15401 15402 15403 15404 15405 15406 15407] 20231111 : [15436 15437 15438] 20231112 : [15470 15471 15472 15473] 20231113 : [15517] 20231116 : [15627 15628 15629 15630 15631] 20231117 : [15660 15661 15662 15663 15664] 20231119 : [15739 15740] 20231201 : [15786 15787 15788] 20231208 : [15889 15890 15891 15892 15893] 20240129 : [16423 16424 16425 16426] 20240130 : [16438 16439 16440 16441 16442] 20240202 : [16492 16493 16495 16496 16497 16498 16500 16503]
Analysis details
- Directory: /fefs/aswg/workspace/tora.arnesen/perseus/IC310
- Pipeline:
- ./IC310_launch_dl1_dl2.sh /fefs/aswg/data/models/AllSky/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/dec_4822 /fefs/aswg/data/models/AllSky/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/dec_4822/lstchain_config_2024-01-31.json
- ./IC310_launch_irf_creation.sh /fefs/aswg/data/mc/DL2/AllSky/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/TestingDataset/dec_4822 ./irf_dl3_tool_config.json gh_eff_0.7_th_cont_0.7_20240510_TT
- ./IC310_launch_dl2_dl3.sh irf_dl3_tool_config.json ./DL2 ./IRF/20240131_allsky_v0.10.5_all_dec_base/dec_4822/gh_eff_0.7_th_cont_0.7_20240510_TT IC\ 310
- lstchain_create_dl3_index_files -d ./DL3 -p dl3\*.fits.gz
- lstchain: v0.10.9
- gammapy: 1.2 (SED & LCs) / 1.1 (Theta2 & Skymaps)
Source:
- Coordinates: RA=49.95066663, DEC=41.5116969 (solved with astropy's SkyCoord / CDS name resolver)
- Closest (chosen) dec track: 48.22 deg.
- Cleaning: default, tail-cuts 8-4.
- Analysis type: source-independent
- IRFs: point-like, energy-dependent gammaness/theta2 cuts (0.7/0.7)
Starting points:
- MC: DL2
- Models
- Data: DL1b (merged files with no images)
Theta2 plots
- Total significance (per energy bin)
- Per bayesian block bin (from LC analysis, see below)
| BB0 | BB1 |
|---|---|
|
|
| BB2 | BB3 |
|
|
| BB4 | |
|
Lightcurves
SED & LC configuration:
- e_reco_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_reco_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_true_min = 0.01 TeV
- e_true_max = 50 TeV
- e_reco_bin = 18
- e_true_bin = 50
- per_decade = False
- e_fit_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_fit_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_lc_min = 0.09999999999467535 TeV
- e_lc_max = 49.99999999999999 TeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- safe_min_energy = 0.04 TeV
- safe_max_energy = 7 TeV
- 1 OFF region
SEDs
SED & LC configuration:
- e_reco_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_reco_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_true_min = 0.01 TeV
- e_true_max = 50 TeV
- e_reco_bin = 18
- e_true_bin = 50
- per_decade = False
- e_fit_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_fit_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_lc_min = 0.09999999999467535 TeV
- e_lc_max = 49.99999999999999 TeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- safe_min_energy = 0.04 TeV
- safe_max_energy = 7 TeV
- 1 OFF region
Log-parabola spectral model (no EBL correction):
-F0 = (2.5 土 0.5)・10e-11 TeV-1 cm-2 s-1 -alpha = 3.2 土 0.1 -beta = 0.25 土 0.09 -E0 = 0.3 TeV
Skymaps
All data stacked Skymaps centered at the position of IC 310 Skymaps between 0.2 TeV and 7 TeV
IC 310 Cross-check SED
SED & LC configuration:
- e_reco_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_reco_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_true_min = 0.01 TeV
- e_true_max = 50 TeV
- e_reco_bin = 18
- e_true_bin = 50
- per_decade = False
- e_fit_min = 0.0316227766 TeV
- e_fit_max = 31.6227766 TeV
- e_lc_min = 0.09999999999467535 TeV
- e_lc_max = 49.99999999999999 TeV
- Aeff cut > 5%
- safe_min_energy = 0.04 TeV
- safe_max_energy = 7 TeV
- 1 OFF region
